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Gideon Sundback and the Modern Zipper
Gideon Sundback developed the modern , a small invention that changed everyday life. He was born in Sweden in 1880 and later moved to the United States. Sundback studied electrical engineering in Germany before beginning his career in America. He worked for the Universal Fastener Company, where engineers were trying to create a better for clothes and other products.
Sundback did not invent the first fastener with metal parts. Earlier designs already existed, but they often opened unexpectedly or were difficult to use. Sundback studied these problems and improved the design. He increased the number of fastening elements and created small metal teeth that fitted together closely. A part, now called a slider, joined or separated the two of teeth.
In 1913, Sundback designed his “ Fastener No. 2.” He received a US patent for the improved design in 1917. His invention was stronger, more and easier to manufacture than earlier versions. Sundback also created a machine that could produce the fastener continuously. This made large-scale production possible and helped companies manufacture many zippers quickly and at a lower cost.
At first, the new fastener was used mainly on boots, tobacco and military equipment. The word “zipper” became popular after the B. F. Goodrich Company used the fastener on rubber boots during the 1920s. Later, zippers appeared on trousers, jackets, dresses, bags and many other products. Today, zippers are made from metal, plastic, or nylon. Sundback’s invention shows how a small, practical improvement can become and revolutionary.